Let's discuss Struts 2 architecture diagram. Struts 2 architecture is divided in 4 major categories. Figure 2. When a user sends a request from browser to web server, the request reaches to ServletContainer. The request passes through the sequence of filters and cleanup classes.
ActionContextCleanup is used when we integrate Struts with other Java technologies but it is an optional filter. It is also an optional filter. The next is FilterDispatcher. FilterDispatcher handles Action execution, cleanup of context and can also provide static content of the application. It contains the main business logic.
Here, FilterDispatcher invokes ActionMapper to check whether incoming request is mapped to any action or interceptor or nothing. ActionMapper can also return multiple Interceptors at a time. In this case, each interceptor is called one after the other. Here Interceptor is responsible for workflow implementation, avoids double submission problem, logging, validation, file upload etc.
Interceptor is the most useful feature of the Struts2. Then ActionMapper decides which action to be called and returns the same to the FilterDispatcher. Now FilterDispatcher delegates the control to the ActionProxy. ActionProxy uses ConfigurationFile manager and creates an instance of ActionInvocation which will instantiate Action class.
ActionInvocation will take help of struts. ActionProxy can also call Interceptors with the help of ActionInvocation. Now actual Action is executed and state of the model is changed as per the user input. Data is populated in above mentioned frontend technologies from this Result object and final response is created which will be sent to the client browser. If there are any interceptors on the way, they will be executed in reverse order.
Remember, Struts 2 is completely different from Struts 1, you should check these differences for quick comparison. This book teaches you how to build dynamic websites in Java using Java Server Faces, using a hands-on, practical approach. You will learn how the Struts framework works, learn how to build your first struts application, all about actions, form validations, error handling, struts tag libraries, tiles, internationalization, and the right way to use the struts framework.
A very useful book for both Struts beginners and experienced alike. You can also buy a hard copy of this book from Amazon, and if you want you can also combine this book with an online Struts course like Struts 2 Framework for Beginners to get a better understanding of Struts. I have found that learning from a book and course is really helpful and you learn better and quicker. The controller servlet uses a struts-config. The Action object processes requests using its execute method, while making use of any data stored in the form bean.
Once the Action object processes a request, it stores any new data i. However, you complement your web development toolkit by taking advantage of the Struts support provided by the IDE. Upon creation, the IDE automatically registers these classes in the struts-config. The following steps demonstrate how to create a simple form that collects user data, performs simple validation, and outputs the data on a success page.
In the IDE, a Struts application is nothing more than a normal web application accompanied by the Struts libraries and configuration files. You create a Struts application in the same way as you create any other web application in the IDE - using the New Web Application wizard, with the additional step of indicating that you want the Struts libraries and configuration files to be included in your application.
Click Next. In the Server and Settings panel, select the server to which you want to deploy your application. Only servers that are registered with the IDE are listed. To register a server, click Add next to the Server drop-down list. For purposes of this tutorial, do not change any of the configuration values in the lower region of this panel. The wizard displays the following configuration options. Action Servlet Name : The name of the Struts action servlet used in the application.
The web. This generates a mapping entry in the deployment descriptor. Application Resource : Lets you specify the resource bundle which will be used in the struts-config.
By default, this is com. A tag library descriptor is an XML document which contains additional information about the entire tag library as well as each individual tag. Click Finish. The IDE creates the project folder in your file system. However, your web application in addition has all of the Struts libraries on its classpath.
The project opens in the IDE. The Projects window is the main entry point to your project sources. It shows a logical view of important project contents. For example, if you expand several nodes within the new project, it may appear as follows:. Open the deployment descriptor double-click the web.
In order to handle Struts processing, a mapping is provided for the Struts controller servlet. Above, the Struts controller servlet is named action and is defined in the Struts library org. In addition, initialization parameters for the servlet are specified by means of the struts-config. Begin by creating two JSP pages for the application.
The first displays a form. The second is the view returned when login is successful. The login. You can also invoke code completion manually by pressing Ctrl-Space:. The bean taglib provides you with numerous tags that are helpful when associating a form bean i. The html taglib offers an interface between the view and other components necessary to a web application. Whenever you finish typing in the Source Editor, you can tidy up the code by right-clicking and choosing Format Alt-Shift-F.
The Insert Table dialog box displays. Aware Interfaces. Struts2 with I18N. Zero Configuration. By convention By annotation. Struts2 with Tiles2. Hibernate with Struts2. Spring with Struts2. DateTimePicker Iterator Tag. Quiz Struts2 Misc. Quiz-1 Struts2 Misc. Quiz-2 Struts2 Misc. Quiz-3 Struts2 Misc. Quiz-4 Struts2 Misc.
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