Setting up railroad signals for your layout is another fascinating aspect of using electronics and special wiring effects in model railroading. Imagine your train traveling from one town to another through freight yards and junctions with a series of signals automatically changing as your train goes along.
If another train moves into the track ahead, the railroad signal will turn red and your train will stop until the track ahead is clear, after which the signal turns back to green and your train can then proceed. Some of the prototypical railroad signal systems are complicated and were designed specifically for the individual railroads, each system being a little different. Red — the block of track ahead is occupied.
Stop and wait till the light changes to yellow or green indicating that the track ahead is clear. Check out this page for information on prototypical railroad signal systems and terms. A switch comes with each signal that allows you to manually change the light from red to yellow to green. Evemodel also makes signals that are easy to set up for manual operation although you have to add your own switches.
See the page on Wiring Model Railroad Signals. Sooner or later however, you will want to invest in the kind of system described above that operates automatically….
There are 2 ways to do this:. You will need track circuit current detector boards — one for each block — such as the one made by Dallee Electronics, Inc. This detector recognizes the change in current and activates a relay switch that changes the signal, turns on a light on the control panel, activates a crossing gate if one is present, or turns on or off a block of track, e. These can be optical sensors, magnetic reed switches or infrared light sensors. Optical position sensors photocells are small devices made by Circuitron and Logic Rail that you can place between the track ties.
When a train passes over, the device detects a change in the light and sends an electronic message to a circuit board, which then operates the signal or crossing gate. Magnetic reed switches are also placed between the track ties, and when a train with a magnet on the bottom passes over the switch, the magnet causes the contacts in the switch to come together, again sending an impulse to the circuit board to change the train signal.
A second reed switch set up in the same location could turn power on or off to a section of isolated track that would stop a train from entering a restricted area - an area occupied by another train.
Infrared sensors are phototransistors, which are set up across the tracks from an infrared LED light. These work when the overhead lights are on or off , whereas the optical position sensors only work when the lights are on.
It is mounted under the layout and shines an infrared beam through a hole drilled in the layout surface. When a train passes by, the light beam is interrupted, which sends an impulse to a circuit board that can change the signal lights, but can also activate sound effects, animation devices, other lights, or send an impulse to a relay switch that could turn off power to a block of track.
Another infrared detection unit made by ITTC can also activate other animations or lights. The difference is that this one has a timer that can be set to delay the onset of when these items are activated.
You may also wish to check the website at Azatrax , which contains clear and detailed explanations on how to install infrared train detectors. First you have to decide whether you want to use track circuit detection or position sensor detection. Position sensor detection is a little easier to set up and is great for smaller layouts.
One other thing to consider is that if you are using current circuit detection, the block will appear occupied whenever there is current being drawn on that block, either by a locomotive or by an insulated metal wheel set on a rail car or caboose containing a resistor between the 2 sides. If the power is not on to that block, or if the loco or other power-drawing car is not actually in that block, it won't be detected.
So you could have one or more rail cars sitting in a block that won't be detected, and the signal to that block will remain green. By the same token, in order for a position sensor to work properly, the train has to be located directly over the photosensor or within the beam of the IR detector. If the train is present in the area, but not covering the detector, then it won't be detected. You will need a Signal Animator unit for each section of track that you wish to control with signal operation.
Each unit comes with a photocell. This is adequate if you are only running your trains in one direction. In this case you will need to wire another photocell in series with the first photocell, but placed near the second signal.
Next, you will need to decide on whether to use 2-light or 3-light train signals, which are made by Tomar and other companies. The Signal Animator will work with either type. To install the system , you have to first determine where you want to place your signals, which will then help decide where to put the photocells. Post a Comment. SharePoint Designer vs. Visual Studio o Standard workflow templates o Association o Initiation and status o Relation to content types 5.
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